SUMMARY OF BOARD DECISIONS

Summary of Board decisions are provided for the information and convenience of constituents who want to follow the Board’s deliberations. All of the conclusions reported are tentative and may be changed at future Board meetings. Decisions are included in an Exposure Draft for formal comment only after a formal written ballot. Decisions in an Exposure Draft may be (and often are) changed in redeliberations based on information provided to the Board in comment letters, at public roundtable discussions, and through other communication channels. Decisions become final only after a formal written ballot to issue an Accounting Standards Update.

September 7, 2011 FASB Board Meeting

Insurance contracts. The FASB continued its discussion on insurance contracts by discussing the subsequent accounting for a single margin and the accounting for the liability for incurred claims in the post-claim period for those contracts meeting the eligibility requirements to use the premium allocation approach.

Accounting for a Single Margin Approach

The FASB tentatively decided that an insurer is released from risk for the purpose of recognizing the single margin in profit:
  1. If the variability of the cash flows of a specified uncertain future event is primarily due to timing of that event, an insurer is released from risk on the basis of reduced uncertainty in the timing of the specified event.
     
  2. If the variability of the cash flows of a specified uncertain future event is primarily due to the frequency and severity of that event, an insurer is released from risk as variability in the cash flows is reduced as information about expected cash flows becomes more known throughout the life cycle of the contract.
The FASB tentatively decided to include the following implementation guidance:
  1. An insurer should consider specific facts and circumstances to qualitatively determine if a reduction in the variability of cash flows has occurred to the extent an insurer is released from risk. Those facts and circumstances should include the following:
     
    1. The entity’s relative experience with the types of contracts
       
    2. The entity’s past experience in estimating expected cash flows
       
    3. Inherent difficulties in estimating expected cash flows
       
    4. The relative homogeneity of the portfolio and within the portfolio
       
    5. Past experience not being representative of future results.
       
  2. A reduction in the variability of the cash flows such that an insurer is released from risk is a matter of judgment and should be based on facts and circumstances unique to the entity and the nature of the insurance contracts. Different insurers may define a reduction in variability of cash flows in different ways, as further information is obtained about the expected cash flows during the life cycle of an insurance portfolio. The points in the life cycle that should be considered for examination and assessment, among other points in the life cycle, include the following:
     
    1. When an insurer incurs a claim but that claim has not yet been reported
       
    2. When a claim has been reported
       
    3. As additional information becomes known
       
    4. The point at which the parties to the contract have agreed upon a settlement amount
       
    5. The point at which the claim has been paid.
       
  3. An insurer should disclose the methodology used to calculate the profit realization of the single margin.
At a future meeting, the Board will discuss the accounting for the single margin when a contract is deemed to be onerous.

Accounting for the Liability for Incurred Claims under the Premium Allocation Approach

The FASB tentatively decided that the liability for incurred claims should be measured as the present value of unbiased expected cash flows (statistical mean) without a single margin. The discount rate should reflect the characteristics of the liability when the effect of discounting is material.

At a future meeting, the Board will consider whether it should include an exception to when discounting is required.


Accounting for financial instruments: disclosures. The Board discussed the results of the staff’s outreach, the project’s scope, and the staff’s recommended disclosures for liquidity and interest rate risk and made the following decisions.

Scope
  1. The scope for the proposed disclosures about liquidity risk would include all entities, but only financial institutions would provide disclosures about interest rate risk.
     
  2. Financial institutions would include banks, savings and loan associations, savings banks, credit unions, finance companies, and insurance entities. The term financial institutions is described in paragraph 942-320-50-1 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification®.
     
  3. The disclosures applicable to financial institutions would be applicable to reportable segments of entities, for example, those reportable segments that engage in transactions that involve lending to or financing the activities of others. The term reportable segment is described in Section 280-10-50 of the Codification.
Proposed Disclosures

The proposed disclosures would be required for interim and annual reporting periods, except for nonpublic, nonfinancial entities, which would be required to provide the liquidity risk disclosures only for annual reporting periods.

Qualitative

For interest rate risk and liquidity risk arising from financial instruments, an entity would disclose the following:
  1. The exposure to risks and how they arise
     
  2. Its objectives, policies, and processes for managing the risks and the methods used to measure the risks
     
  3. Any changes in item (1) or (2) from the previous period and the reasons for the changes.
Liquidity Risk—Quantitative
  1. All entities would provide disclosure about their available liquid funds, which includes unencumbered cash and high-quality liquid assets, and borrowing availability such as lines of credit. This disclosure would include a discussion about the effect of regulatory, tax, legal, and other restrictions that could limit the transferability of funds among entities in the consolidated group, for example, between the parent company and subsidiaries.
     
  2. Financial institutions would provide a tabular disclosure based on expected maturities of classes of financial assets and financial liabilities. Financial instruments that are classified at fair value through net income, with the exception of derivatives, would not be placed in maturity buckets and would only show the total carrying amount. The term expected maturity relates to contractual settlement of the instrument, not the entity’s expected timing of the sale of the instrument. The table would include the entity’s off-balance-sheet commitments, for example, loan commitments and lines of credit.
     
  3. Nonfinancial entities would provide a tabular disclosure of their undiscounted cash obligations, including off-balance-sheet obligations.
Interest Rate Risk—Quantitative

Only financial institutions would provide disclosures about interest rate risk.
  1. A financial institution would provide a tabular disclosure about when its classes of financial assets and financial liabilities would reprice (that is, when their interest rate would be reset). This table also would include the weighted-average yield and duration of the classes of financial assets and financial liabilities.
     
  2. A depository institution would provide a tabular disclosure about its issuance of time deposits during the last four quarters. This disclosure would show the entity’s average rate and average life for insured, uninsured, and brokered deposits.
     
  3. A financial institution would provide a tabular disclosure of the effect of prospective, hypothetical interest rate shifts on the entity’s interest-sensitive financial assets and liabilities. The table would present the effect of parallel shifts, flatteners, and steepeners. This disclosure does not incorporate the effects of certain assumptions such as a company’s strategy related to assumed growth rate or change in asset mix.

Accounting for financial instruments: classification and measurement. The Board discussed the following two topics related to classification and measurement of financial instruments:
  1. Conditional fair value option for groups of financial assets and financial liabilities
     
  2. Hybrid financial assets.
Conditional Fair Value Option for Groups of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities

The Board decided that at initial recognition, an entity would be permitted to measure a group of financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income if the entity (1) manages the net exposure relating to those financial assets and financial liabilities (which may be derivative instruments) and (2) provides information on that basis to the reporting entity’s management.

Hybrid Financial Assets

The Board decided that for hybrid financial assets, an entity would be permitted, at initial recognition, to apply a conditional fair value option to avoid bifurcation and separate accounting of an embedded derivative feature. An entity would be permitted to measure a hybrid financial asset at fair value in its entirety after the entity has determined that an embedded derivative feature exists that otherwise would require bifurcation and separate accounting.


Agenda decision announcement: impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets. In response to the feedback received on the goodwill impairment proposal, the FASB chairman added a short-term, narrow-scope project to the FASB agenda to simplify the manner in which an entity tests other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment.