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Chapter 5 — Classification

5.10 SEC Guidance on Temporary Equity

5.10 SEC Guidance on Temporary Equity

ASC 480-10 — SEC Materials — SEC Staff Guidance
SEC Staff Announcement: Classification and Measurement of Redeemable Securities
Background
1. This SEC staff announcement provides the SEC staff’s views regarding the application of Accounting Series Release No. 268, Presentation in Financial Statements of “Redeemable Preferred Stocks.”FN1
Scope
2. ASR 268 requires preferred securities that are redeemable for cash or other assets to be classified outside of permanent equity if they are redeemable (1) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (2) at the option of the holder, or (3) upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the issuer. As noted in ASR 268, the Commission reasoned that “[t]here is a significant difference between a security with mandatory redemption requirements or whose redemption is outside the control of the issuer and conventional equity capital. The Commission believes that it is necessary to highlight the future cash obligations attached to this type of security so as to distinguish it from permanent capital.”
3. Although ASR 268 specifically describes and discusses preferred securities, the SEC staff believes that ASR 268 also provides analogous guidance for other redeemable equity instruments including, for example, common stock, derivative instruments, noncontrolling interests,FN2 securities held by an employee stock ownership plan,FN3 and share-based payment arrangements with employees.FN4 The SEC staff’s views regarding the applicability of ASR 268 in certain situations is described below. . . .
d. Share-based payment awards. Equity-classified share-based payment arrangements with employees are not subject to ASR 268 due solely to either of the following:
  • Net cash settlement would be assumed pursuant to Paragraphs 815-40-25-11 through 25-16 solely because of an obligation to deliver registered shares.FN7
  • A provision in an instrument for the direct or indirect repurchase of shares issued to an employee exists solely to satisfy the employer’s statutory tax withholding requirements (as discussed in Paragraph 718-10-25-18). . . .
Classification
4. ASR 268 requires equity instruments with redemption features that are not solely within the control of the issuer to be classified outside of permanent equity (often referred to as classification in “temporary equity”). The SEC staff does not believe it is appropriate to classify a financial instrument (or host contract) that meets the conditions for temporary equity classification under ASR 268 as a liability.FN10
5. Determining whether an equity instrument is redeemable at the option of the holder or upon the occurrence of an event that is solely within the control of the issuer can be complex. The SEC staff believes that all of the individual facts and circumstances surrounding events that could trigger redemption should be evaluated separately and that the possibility that any triggering event that is not solely within the control of the issuer could occur — without regard to probability — would require the instrument to be classified in temporary equity. . . .
Measurement
12. Initial measurement. The SEC staff believes the initial carrying amount of a redeemable equity instrument that is subject to ASR 268 should be its issuance date fair value, except as follows: FN12
  1. For share-based payment arrangements with employees, the initial amount presented in temporary equity should be based on the redemption provisions of the instrument and the proportion of consideration received in the form of employee services at initial recognition. For example, upon issuance of a fully vested option that allows the holder to put the option back to the issuer at its intrinsic value upon a change in control, an amount representing the intrinsic value of the option at the date of issuance should be presented in temporary equity. . . .
13. Subsequent measurement. The SEC staff’s views regarding the subsequent measurement of a redeemable equity instrument that is subject to ASR 268 are included in paragraphs 14–16. Paragraphs 14 and 15 discuss the general views regarding subsequent measurement. Paragraph 16 discusses the application of those general views in the context of certain types of redeemable equity instruments.
14. If an equity instrument subject to ASR 268 is currently redeemable (for example, at the option of the holder), it should be adjusted to its maximum redemption amount at the balance sheet date. If the maximum redemption amount is contingent on an index or other similar variable (for example, the fair value of the equity instrument at the redemption date or a measure based on historical EBITDA), the amount presented in temporary equity should be calculated based on the conditions that exist as of the balance sheet date (for example, the current fair value of the equity instrument or the most recent EBITDA measure). The redemption amount at each balance sheet date should also include amounts representing dividends not currently declared or paid but which will be payable under the redemption features or for which ultimate payment is not solely within the control of the registrant (for example, dividends that will be payable out of future earnings).FN13
15. If an equity instrument subject to ASR 268 is not currently redeemable (for example, a contingency has not been met), subsequent adjustment of the amount presented in temporary equity is unnecessary if it is not probable that the instrument will become redeemable. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable (for example, when the redemption depends solely on the passage of time), the SEC staff will not object to either of the following measurement methods provided the method is applied consistently:
  1. Accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument using an appropriate methodology, usually the interest method. Changes in the redemption value are considered to be changes in accounting estimates
  2. Recognize changes in the redemption value (for example, fair value) immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. This method would view the end of the reporting period as if it were also the redemption date for the instrument.
16. The following additional guidance is relevant to the application of the SEC staff’s views in paragraphs 14 and 15:
  1. For share-based payment arrangements with employees, the amount presented in temporary equity at each balance sheet date should be based on the redemption provisions of the instrument and should take into account the proportion of consideration received in the form of employee services (that is, the pattern of recognition of compensation cost pursuant to Topic 718). FN14 . . .
Reclassifications Into Permanent Equity
18. If classification of an equity instrument as temporary equity is no longer required (if, for example, a redemption feature lapses, or there is a modification of the terms of the instrument), the existing carrying amount of the equity instrument should be reclassified to permanent equity at the date of the event that caused the reclassification. Prior financial statements are not adjusted. Additionally, the SEC staff believes that it would be inappropriate to reverse any adjustments previously recorded to the carrying amount of the equity instrument (pursuant to paragraphs 14–16) in conjunction with such reclassifications.
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FN1 ASR 268 (SEC Financial Reporting Codification, Section No. 211, Redeemable Preferred Stocks) is incorporated into SEC Regulation S-X, Articles 5-02.27, 7-03.21, and 9-03.19. Hereafter, reference is made only to ASR 268.
FN2 The Master Glossary defines noncontrolling interest as “The portion of equity (net assets) in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to a parent. A noncontrolling interest is sometimes called a minority interest.” ASR 268 applies to redeemable noncontrolling interests (provided the redemption feature is not considered a freestanding option within the scope of Subtopic 480-10). Where relevant, specific classification and measurement guidance pertaining to redeemable noncontrolling interests has been included in this SEC staff announcement.
FN3 ASR 268 applies to equity securities held by an employee stock ownership plan (whether or not allocated) that, by their terms, can be put to the registrant (sponsor) for cash or other assets. Where relevant, specific classification and measurement guidance pertaining to employee stock ownership plans has been included in this SEC staff announcement.
FN4 As indicated in Section 718-10-S99, ASR 268 applies to redeemable equity-classified instruments granted in conjunction with share-based payment arrangements with employees. Where relevant, specific classification and measurement guidance pertaining to share-based payment arrangements with employees has been included in this SEC staff announcement.
FN7 See footnote 84 of Section 718-10-S99.
FN10 At the June 14, 2007 EITF meeting, the SEC Observer stated that a financial instrument (or host contract) that otherwise meets the conditions for temporary equity classification may continue to be classified as a liability provided the financial instrument (or host contract) was classified and accounted for as a liability in fiscal quarters beginning before September 15, 2007 and has not subsequently been modified or subject to a remeasurement (new basis) event.
FN12 SAB Topic 3C, Redeemable Preferred Stock, states that the initial carrying amount of redeemable preferred stock should be its fair value at date of issue. The SEC staff believes this guidance should also be applied to other similar redeemable equity instruments. Consistent with Paragraph 820-10-30-3, the transaction price will generally represent the initial fair value of the equity instrument when the issuance occurs in an arm’s-length transaction with an unrelated party and there are no other unstated rights or privileges.
FN13 See also Section 260-10-45.
FN14 See also the Interpretative Response to Question 2 in Section E of Section 718-10-S99.