3.4 Disclosure of the Use and Purpose of Non-GAAP Measures
A registrant should provide transparent disclosure that clearly demonstrates (1)
the usefulness of the non-GAAP measure to investors and (2) the additional purposes
for which management uses such measure (e.g., for incentive and compensation
arrangements, to manage its business, to allocate resources, or as a debt
covenant).13 The registrant should avoid providing boilerplate disclosures related to the
usefulness and purpose of the measure. Rather, the disclosures should be specific to
the measure used, to the registrant and the nature of its business and industry, and
to the manner in which management assesses the non-GAAP measure. The registrant
should also ensure that its disclosure of the usefulness and purpose of the measure
is consistent with the categorization of the measure as a liquidity or a performance
measure. For example, a measure used for debt covenant purposes is generally
considered a liquidity measure whereas a measure used for compensation, budgeting,
or resource allocation purposes is generally a performance measure. If the purpose
of the non-GAAP measure is not disclosed, investors and analysts may not understand
its relevance. Footnote 44 of the Release states, in part:
[T]he
fact that the non-GAAP financial measure is used by or useful to analysts cannot
be the sole support for presenting the non-GAAP financial measure. Rather, the
justification for the use of the measure must be substantive.
While the Rules require disclosure of additional purposes for which management uses a non-GAAP
financial measure, a registrant is not prohibited from disclosing a measure that it believes would be
useful to investors, even though the registrant does not use the measure for any other purpose.
C&DIs — Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Question: Is the
registrant required to use the non-GAAP measure in managing
its business or for other purposes in order to be able to
disclose it?
Answer: No. Item
10(e)(1)(i)(D) of Regulation S-K states only that, “[t]o the
extent material,” there should be a statement disclosing the
additional purposes, “if any,” for which the registrant’s
management uses the non-GAAP financial measure. There is no
prohibition against disclosing a non-GAAP financial measure
that is not used by management in managing its business.
[Jan. 11, 2010]
Item 10(e)(1)(iii) indicates that for filings other than a Form 10-K or Form 20-F, a registrant need not
disclose the reasons why a non-GAAP measure is useful to investors and the purpose for which
management uses it if that information was included in its most recent annual report filed with the SEC
(or a more recent filing) as long as the disclosure is updated to the extent necessary at the time of the
current filing.
Footnotes
13
See Section 1.2.2 for a discussion of reasons why a registrant
may use a non-GAAP measure.