6.4 Call, Put, and Other Redemption Features in Debt Hosts
6.4.1 Background
Debt host contracts often contain features that could permit the issuer to call
(or prepay) the outstanding amount or allow the holder to put (or accelerate the
repayment of) the outstanding amount. Such contracts might also contain features
that trigger an acceleration of the due date for the repayment of the instrument
upon the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a specified event or events (e.g., an
event of default or change of control). We discuss application issues related to
such features embedded in equity host contracts in Section 6.5.
Connecting the Dots
Recently, we have seen an increase in debt instruments
with features linked to environmental, social, and governance (ESG)
factors. In such instruments, the due date may be accelerated, deferred,
or triggered by the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a specified
environmental event or events. For ESG-linked debt instruments with this
type of feature, the determination of whether the feature requires
bifurcation often depends on whether the redemption feature is clearly
and closely related to the debt host under the four-step decision
sequence in ASC 815-15-25-42, as discussed in Section 6.4.3.
6.4.2 Bifurcation Analysis
The table below presents an overview of the bifurcation analysis
of redemption features embedded in a debt host contract. However, an entity
should always consider the terms and conditions of a specific feature in light
of all the relevant accounting guidance before reaching a conclusion.
Bifurcation Condition
|
Condition Met?
|
Analysis
|
---|---|---|
Not clearly and closely related (see Section 4.3.2)
|
It depends
|
The debtor should evaluate whether the redemption feature
is clearly and closely related to the debt host under
the four-step decision sequence in ASC 815-15-25-41.
|
Hybrid instrument not measured at fair value through
earnings on a recurring basis (see Section 4.3.3)
|
It depends
|
From the issuer’s perspective, debt is
not measured at fair value on a recurring basis unless
the issuer elects the fair value option in ASC 815-15 or
ASC 825-10. The fair value option cannot be elected for
debt that contains a separately recognized equity
component at inception. In the case of an outstanding
share that qualifies for equity presentation but was
determined to have a debt host, the instrument would not
be recorded at fair value through earnings on a
recurring basis.
From the holder’s perspective, the
determination of whether the hybrid instrument is
measured at fair value, with changes in fair value
recorded through earnings, will depend on whether the
instrument is (1) an equity method investment, (2)
considered a debt security within the scope of ASC 320
(and whether the holder has elected to apply the fair
value option), or an equity security within the scope of
ASC 321.
|
Meets the definition of a derivative (see Section 4.3.4)
|
Yes
|
A redemption feature embedded in a debt host meets the
definition of a derivative irrespective of whether the
debt host contract is RCC.
|
Meets a scope exception (see Section 4.3.5)
|
No
|
There is no specific scope exception for redemption
features embedded in a debt host.
|
As shown in the table above, the determination of whether a
redemption feature must be bifurcated as a derivative tends to focus on whether
the feature is considered clearly and closely related to the debt host contract
(see the next section) unless the entity records the hybrid instrument at fair
value, with changes in fair value recorded through earnings. Such features meet
the definition of a derivative and are not exempt from the scope of derivative
accounting.
6.4.3 Clearly-and-Closely-Related Analysis
ASC Master Glossary
Prepayable
Able to be settled by either party before its scheduled
maturity.
ASC 815-15
25-41 Call
(put) options that do not accelerate the repayment of
principal on a debt instrument but instead require a
cash settlement that is equal to the price of the option
at the date of exercise would not be considered to be
clearly and closely related to the debt instrument in
which it is embedded.
25-42 The following
four-step decision sequence shall be followed in
determining whether call (put) options that can
accelerate the settlement of debt instruments shall be
considered to be clearly and closely related to the debt
host contract:
Step 1: Is the
amount paid upon settlement (also referred to as the
payoff) adjusted based on changes in an index? If yes,
continue to Step 2. If no, continue to Step 3.
Step 2: Is the
payoff indexed to an underlying other than interest
rates or credit risk? If yes, then that embedded feature
is not clearly and closely related to the debt host
contract and further analysis under Steps 3 and 4 is not
required. If no, then that embedded feature shall be
analyzed further under Steps 3 and 4.
Step 3: Does the
debt involve a substantial premium or discount? If yes,
continue to Step 4. If no, further analysis of the
contract under paragraph 815-15-25-26 is required, if
applicable.
Step 4: Does a
contingently exercisable call (put) option accelerate
the repayment of the contractual principal amount? If
yes, the call (put) option is not clearly and closely
related to the debt instrument. If not contingently
exercisable, further analysis of the contract under
paragraph 815-15-25-26 is required, if applicable.
ASC 815-15-25-41 and 25-42 address whether embedded call or put
options are clearly and closely related to a debt host contract and apply to all
features that can accelerate the settlement of a debt instrument regardless of
(1) whether such acceleration is optional or mandatory and (2) how such features
are described in the debt’s contractual terms. As shown in the decision tree
below, ASC 815-15-25-42 identifies four steps that should be performed in the
analysis of whether a feature that can accelerate the settlement of a debt
instrument is clearly and closely related to a debt host contract.
In practice, a discount or premium that is 10 percent or more is considered
“substantial” in the analysis performed under step 3. In determining whether a
substantial premium or discount exists, an entity should compare the debt’s
initial net carrying amount to the potential payoff if the embedded call, put,
or other redemption feature is triggered. Accordingly, an entity should base its
analysis on the amount allocated to the debt for accounting purposes rather than
the total cash proceeds (e.g., if debt was issued with detachable warrants, the
amount allocated to the warrants could cause a discount on the debt).
Nevertheless, an entity should not consider a discount that results from one of
the following in its determination of whether the debt involves a substantial
discount or premium under ASC 815-15-25-42:
-
Third-party debt issuance costs that have been deducted from the initial carrying amount.
-
A discount that results from the separation of an embedded derivative under ASC 815-15.
An entity should consider the payoff of the embedded feature being analyzed in
determining whether the debt instrument was issued at a substantial premium or
discount. For example, if a debt instrument that was issued at par contains a
put option that allows the investor to redeem the instrument at 112 percent of
par value, the debt instrument would be considered to involve a substantial
premium. Similarly, if a debt instrument was issued at 90 percent of par and is
redeemable at par, the debt is considered to involve a substantial discount.
However, unpaid accrued interest does not form part of the analysis of whether a
substantial premium or discount exists.
Importantly, the debtor performs the tests as of the date on
which it initially recognizes the debt and does not subsequently reassess the
tests. The investor (or creditor) performs the tests as of the date it
recognizes the debt investment regardless of whether it acquires the debt
investment in a secondary market or upon initial issuance and would similarly
not perform subsequent reassessment. Accordingly, it is possible that the
investor’s application of the tests would have a different result than the
initial evaluation performed by the debtor if the investor acquires the debt
investment in a secondary market and the market conditions or terms at that time
have changed from the time of initial issuance.
The following table outlines and illustrates the application of the four steps in
ASC 815-15-25-42:
Steps
|
Examples of Terms That Would Result in a “Yes” Answer
|
Examples of Terms That Would Result in a “No” Answer
|
---|---|---|
“Step 1: Is the amount paid upon settlement (also
referred to as the payoff) adjusted based on changes in
an index? If yes, continue to Step 2. If no, continue to
Step 3.”
|
|
|
“Step 2: Is the payoff indexed to an underlying other
than interest rates or credit risk? If yes, then that
embedded feature is not clearly and closely related to
the debt host contract and further analysis under Steps
3 and 4 is not required. If no, then that embedded
feature shall be analyzed further under Steps 3 and
4.”
|
|
|
“Step 3: Does the debt involve a substantial premium or
discount? If yes, continue to Step 4. If no, further
analysis of the contract under paragraph 815-15-25-26 is
required, if applicable” (see Section
5.2.3).
|
|
|
“Step 4: Does a contingently exercisable call (put)
option accelerate the repayment of the contractual
principal amount? If yes, the call (put) option is not
clearly and closely related to the debt instrument. If
not contingently exercisable, further analysis of the
contract under paragraph 815-15-25-26 is required, if
applicable” (see Section
5.2.3).
|
|
|
As noted in steps 2, 3, and 4 of the decision sequence in ASC 815-15-25-42, an
entity might be required to consider the applicability of ASC 815-15-25-26 to an
embedded call, put, or other redemption feature. ASC 815-15-25-26 applies to
embedded derivatives “in which the only underlying is an interest rate or
interest rate index . . . that alters net interest payments that otherwise would
be paid or received on an interest-bearing [debt] host contract” (see Section
5.2.3.1). An option that can be exercised only upon the occurrence or
nonoccurrence of a specified event (e.g., an IPO or a change in control at the
issuer) would always have a second underlying (the occurrence or nonoccurrence
of the specified event). The existence of this second underlying would exclude
such a contract from the scope of ASC 815-15-25-26 unless the event is solely
related to interest rates (e.g., a call that may only be exercised when LIBOR is
at or above 5 percent) because the underlying would never be only an interest
rate or interest rate index (see Section 5.2.3.2).
Example 6-5
Debt That Is Puttable Upon a Change in Control
Entity A issues a 10-year note at par, which becomes
puttable to the issuer at 102 percent of par plus
accrued interest, if a change in control occurs at
A.
As shown in the table below, A must apply the four-step
decision sequence in ASC 815-15-25-42 to evaluate
whether the embedded put option is clearly and closely
related to the debt host.
Example
|
Indexed Payoff? (Steps 1 and 2)
|
Substantial Discount or Premium? (Step 3)
|
Contingently Exercisable? (Step 4)
|
Embedded Option Clearly and Closely
Related?
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Debt issued at par is puttable at 102 percent
of par, plus accrued interest, in the event of a
change in control at A.
|
No. The amount paid upon settlement is not
“adjusted based on changes in an index.” The
payoff amount is fixed at 102 percent of par, plus
accrued interest.
|
No. The debt is issued at par and puttable for
a premium that is not substantial.
|
N/A. Analysis is not required because the
answer to step 3 is no (i.e., no substantial
discount or premium).
|
Yes. The embedded put option is clearly and
closely related to the debt host.
ASC 815-15-25-26 does not apply because the
change in control is considered a second
underlying that is not an interest rate or an
interest rate index.
|
Example 6-6
Interest Make-Whole Premium That Becomes Payable Upon
Exercise of Call Option
Entity X has issued a debt security, which includes a
call option that permits X to prepay the outstanding
amount of principal and accrued interest at any time
before the debt’s maturity. If X calls the debt security
before its maturity date, it is required to also pay an
interest make-whole premium equal to the present value
of the debt’s remaining interest cash flows discounted
at a fixed spread over the current U.S. Treasury rate as
of the date on which the debt is settled. However, X
could not be required to pay an interest make-whole
premium in excess of 5 percent of the principal
amount.
The interest make-whole premium is considered an integral
component of the call option; it is not a distinct
embedded feature that requires separate evaluation under
ASC 815-15. When assessing whether the call option is
clearly and closely related to its host, the issuer
first should look to the four-step decision sequence in
ASC 815-15-25-42.
Example
|
Indexed Payoff? (Steps 1 and 2)
|
Substantial Discount or Premium? (Step 3)
|
Contingently Exercisable? (Step 4)
|
Embedded Option Clearly and Closely
Related?
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Debt security issued at par is callable at par
plus an interest make-whole premium that may not
exceed 5 percent of the principal amount.
|
Yes. The amount paid upon settlement is
adjusted on the basis of changes in the
then-current U.S. Treasury rate. The calculation
of the interest make-whole premium includes the
U.S. Treasury rate.
The payoff is not, however, indexed to an
underlying other than interest rates or credit
risk.
|
No. The debt was issued at par and the interest
make-whole premium cannot exceed 5 percent of the
principal amount.
|
N/A. Analysis is not required because the
answer to the question in step 3 is no (i.e., no
substantial discount or premium).
|
Yes. The embedded call option, including the
interest make-whole provision, is clearly and
closely related to the debt host.
ASC 815-15-25-26 applies since the interest
make-whole premium is indexed to an interest
rate.
Under ASC 815-15-25-26(a), there is no
circumstance in which the investor would not
contractually recover its initial investment if
the issuer exercises the call option because the
repayment amount will exceed the principal amount,
and the debt was issued at par.
ASC 815-15-25-26(b) does not apply. ASC
815-15-25-37 states that this condition does “not
apply to an embedded call option in a hybrid
instrument containing a debt host contract if the
right to accelerate the settlement of the debt can
be exercised only by the debtor.”
|
ASC 815-15
55-13 The following table
demonstrates the application of the four-step decision
sequence in paragraph 815-15-25-42 for determining
whether call options and put options that can accelerate
the settlement of debt instruments should be considered
to be clearly and closely related to the debt host
contract under the criterion in paragraph
815-15-25-1(a).
Instrument
|
Indexed Payoff? (Steps 1 and 2)
|
Substantial Discount or Premium? (Step 3)
|
Contingently Exercisable? (Step 4)
|
Embedded Option Clearly and Closely
Related?
|
---|---|---|---|---|
1. Debt that is issued at a substantial
discount is callable at any time during its
10-year term. If the debt is called, the investor
receives the par value of the debt plus any unpaid
and accrued interest.
|
No.
|
Yes.
|
No.
|
The embedded call option is clearly and closely
related to the debt host contract because the
payoff is not indexed, and the call option is not
contingently exercisable.
|
2. Debt that is issued at par is callable at
any time during its term. If the debt is called,
the investor receives the greater of the par value
of the debt or the market value of 100,000 shares
of XYZ common stock (an unrelated entity).
|
Yes, based on an equity price.
|
N/A. Analysis not
required.
|
N/A. Analysis not
required.
|
The embedded call option is not clearly and
closely related to the debt host contract because
the payoff is indexed to an equity price.
|
3. Debt that is issued at par is puttable if
the Standard and Poor’s S&P 500 Index
increases by at least 20 percent. If the debt is
put, the investor receives the par amount of the
debt adjusted for the percentage increase in the
S&P 500.
|
Yes, based on an equity index (S&P
500).
|
N/A. Analysis not
required.
|
N/A. Analysis not
required.
|
The embedded put option is not clearly and
closely related to the debt host contract because
the payoff is indexed to an equity price.
|
4. Debt that is issued at a substantial
discount is puttable at par if London Interbank
Offered Rate (LIBOR) either increases or decreases
by 150 basis points.
|
No.
|
Yes.
|
Yes, contingent on a movement
of LIBOR of at least 150 basis points.
|
The put option is not clearly
and closely related to the debt host contract
because the debt was issued at a substantial
discount and the put option is contingently
exercisable.
|
5. Debt that is issued at a substantial
discount is puttable at par in the event of a
change in control.
|
No.
|
Yes.
|
Yes, contingent on a change in
control.
|
The put option is not clearly
and closely related to the debt host contract
because the debt was issued at a substantial
discount and the put option is contingently
exercisable.
|
6. Zero coupon debt is issued at a substantial
discount and is callable in the event of a change
in control. If the debt is called, the issuer pays
the accreted value (calculated per amortization
table based on the effective interest rate
method).
|
No.
|
Yes.
|
Yes, contingent on a change in
control, but since the debt is callable at
accreted value, the call option does not
accelerate the repayment of principal.
|
The call option is clearly and closely related
to the debt host contract. Although the debt was
issued at a substantial discount and the call
option is contingently exercisable, the call
option does not accelerate the repayment of
principal because the debt is callable at the
accreted value.
|
7. Debt that is issued at par
is puttable at par in the event that the issuer
has an initial public offering.
|
No.
|
No.
|
N/A. Analysis not required.
|
The embedded put option is clearly and closely
related to the debt host contract because the debt
was issued at par (not at a substantial discount)
and is puttable at par. Paragraph 815-15-25-26
does not apply.
|
8. Debt that is issued at par
is puttable if the price of the common stock of
Entity XYZ (an entity unrelated to the issuer or
investor) changes by 20 percent. If the debt is
put, the investor will be repaid based on the
value of Entity XYZ’s common stock.
|
Yes, based on an equity price (price of Entity
XYZ’s common stock).
|
N/A. Analysis not required.
|
N/A. Analysis not required.
|
The embedded put option is not clearly and
closely related to the debt host contract because
the payoff is indexed to an equity price.
|
9. Debt is issued at a slight discount and is
puttable if interest rates move 200 basis points.
If the debt is put, the investor will be repaid
based on the S&P 500.
|
Yes, based on an equity index (S&P
500).
|
N/A. Analysis not required.
|
N/A. Analysis not required.
|
The embedded put option is not clearly and
closely related to the debt host contract because
the payoff is based on an equity index.
|
Connecting the Dots
As discussed in Section 4.4.4.1,
when a contract is modified, it must be reassessed to identify and
evaluate any embedded derivatives for potential bifurcation. This
analysis is more complex in a modification of a debt instrument that is
accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring. See Section 11.4.4.5 of Deloitte’s Roadmap
Issuer’s Accounting for
Debt for additional details.
6.4.4 Derivative Analysis
6.4.4.1 General
The table below presents an analysis of whether a redemption
feature embedded in a debt host contract meets the definition of a
derivative. However, an entity should always consider the terms and
conditions of a specific feature in light of the applicable accounting
guidance before reaching a conclusion.
Characteristics of a Derivative
|
Characteristic Present?
|
Analysis
|
---|---|---|
Underlying and notional amount or payment provision
(see Section
1.4.1)
|
Yes
|
A redemption feature has both an underlying (interest
rates and, if applicable, the occurrence or
nonoccurrence of any exercise contingency and any
other underlyings that adjust the redemption amount)
and a notional amount (the debt’s principal amount)
or payment provision.
|
Initial net investment (see Section 1.4.2)
|
Yes
|
The initial net investment in an embedded feature is
its fair value (i.e., the amount that would need to
be paid to acquire the redemption feature on a
stand-alone basis without the host contract).
Generally, a redemption feature has an initial net
investment that is smaller than would be required
for a direct investment that pays the redemption
amount (since the investment in the debt host
contract does not form part of the initial net
investment in the embedded feature).
|
Net settlement (see Section
1.4.3)
|
Yes
|
The potential settlement that would occur upon the
exercise of the redemption feature in a debt host
contract always meets the net settlement condition
because neither party is required to deliver an
asset that is associated with the underlying.
|
As shown in the table above, a redemption feature embedded
in a debt host contract meets the definition of a derivative. Therefore, the
analysis of whether such a feature must be bifurcated as a derivative tends
to focus on whether the feature is considered clearly and closely related to
the debt host contract unless the entity records the hybrid instrument at
fair value, with changes in fair value recorded through earnings.
6.4.4.2 Net Settlement Analysis
ASC 815-10
Net Settlement of a Debt Instrument Through
Exercise of an Embedded Put Option or Call
Option
15-107 The potential
settlement of the debtor’s obligation to the
creditor that would occur upon exercise of a put
option or call option embedded in a debt instrument
meets the net settlement criterion as discussed
beginning in paragraph 815-10-15-100 because neither
party is required to deliver an asset that is
associated with the underlying. Specifically:
-
The debtor does not receive an asset when it settles the debt obligation in conjunction with exercise of the put option or call option.
-
The creditor does not receive an asset associated with the underlying.
15-108 The guidance in the
preceding paragraph shall be applied under both of
the following circumstances:
-
When applying paragraph 815-15-25-1(c) to a put option or call option (including a prepayment option) embedded in a debt instrument
-
When analyzing the net settlement criterion (see guidance beginning in paragraph 815-10-15-100) for a freestanding call option held by the debtor on its own debt instrument and for a freestanding put option issued by the debtor on its own debt instrument.
15-109 The guidance in
paragraph 815-10-15-107 shall not be applied under
either of the following circumstances:
-
To put or call options that are added to a debt instrument by a third party contemporaneously with or after the issuance of a debt instrument. (In that circumstance, see paragraph 815-10-15-6.)
-
By analogy to an embedded put or call option in a hybrid instrument that does not contain a debt host contract.
ASC 815-10-15-107 through 15-109 indicate that the potential settlement of a
debtor’s obligation to the creditor that would occur upon the exercise of a
put or call option (including a prepayment option) embedded in a debt
instrument meets the net settlement condition in ASC 815-10-15-100, which
states, in part, that “neither party is required to deliver an asset that is
associated with the underlying and that has a principal amount, stated
amount, face value, number of shares, or other denomination that is equal to
the notional amount.”
Accordingly, a call, put, or other redemption feature that
is embedded in a debt host meets the net settlement characteristic in the
definition of a derivative irrespective of whether the debt host contract is
RCC. For instance, such a feature is considered to meet the net settlement
characteristic even if it is embedded in a loan or debt security that does
not have an observable price. Further, a call, put, or other redemption
feature embedded in a debt host meets the net settlement characteristic even
if it is settled in a form other than cash.
Traditionally, the settlement of a debt obligation upon the exercise of a put
or call results in the creditor’s receipt of cash in exchange for tendering
the debt obligation. However, in some circumstances, the debtor either is
required or has the option to settle the redemption by delivering a number
of shares of its own stock with a value equal to a predetermined dollar
amount. An embedded redemption feature in a hybrid financial instrument with
a debt host that may be settled with the issuer’s shares always meets the
net settlement characteristic under the guidance in ASC 815-10-15-107 on put
or call options in debt host contracts. In the evaluation under ASC
815-10-15-107(b) of a share-settled put, call, or redemption feature
embedded in a debt host contract, the assets being delivered to the holder
upon the settlement of the feature are shares of the issuer. Such shares are
not associated with the embedded feature’s underlying because the monetary
value of the shares to be delivered does not vary on the basis of the share
price. In other words, the holder is indifferent to changes in the value of
any of the equity shares until the feature is settled. Therefore, the net
settlement criterion is met regardless of whether the underlying shares are
RCC. The guidance in ASC 815-10-15-107 through 15-109 does not apply to
calls, puts, and other redemption features that are embedded in equity host
contracts.
Example 6-7
Notes That Are Automatically Converted Into Shares
Upon a Qualifying Equity Offering
Company XYZ issues $1 million of notes to an investor
group. According to the terms of the notes, XYZ is
required to pay interest semiannually at a rate of 8
percent per annum. Principal on the notes is due at
maturity, which is two years after issuance. Upon a
qualifying equity offering (one in which XYZ raises
at least $10 million of equity), the notes are
automatically converted into shares sold in the
qualifying equity offering. The conversion price
equals 80 percent of the price per share of the
qualifying equity offering. For example, if XYZ
issued $10 million of Series D preferred stock at
$10 per share, the notes would be converted into
Series D preferred stock at $8 per share.
The automatic conversion upon a
qualifying equity offering is economically a
contingent redemption of the notes for $1.25 million
(i.e., $10,000,000 ÷ $8). However, the investors do
not receive $1.25 million in cash; rather, the
redemption feature is settled in shares of XYZ with
a value of $1.25 million.
The redemption feature would not be
considered clearly and closely related to the debt
host because it is a contingent redemption and
involves a significant premium relative to the
amount paid by the investors — $1.25 million
compared with $1 million (see ASC 815-15-25-42). ASC
815-15-25-26 is not applicable because this is a
contingent redemption whose underlying is an event
(i.e., not an interest rate or interest rate
index-only underlying). Assuming that the debt is
not remeasured at fair value, with changes in fair
value recognized in earnings, XYZ would be required
to bifurcate the redemption option because a
separate instrument with the same terms would be
subject to derivative accounting under ASC 815.
In the evaluation of the net
settlement condition under ASC 815-10-15-107(b), the
assets being delivered to the holder of the debt
instrument are shares of the issuer, which are not
associated with any underlying because the value of
the shares to be delivered is a fixed dollar amount.
In other words, even though the shares to be issued
to the investor group are related to the event that
triggers redemption (i.e., the shares delivered are
the same shares issued in the qualifying equity
offering) and an event is considered an underlying,
the holder is indifferent to changes in the value of
any of the issuer’s equity shares during the time
between debt issuance and the triggering of the
redemption feature because the holder will receive a
fixed dollar amount once the redemption is
triggered. Therefore, with respect to the condition
in ASC 815-10-15-107(b), the shares are not
associated with any underlying, regardless of
whether the underlying shares are RCC.
From XYZ’s perspective, the embedded redemption
feature related to the automatic conversion upon a
qualifying equity offering must be bifurcated from
the host contract and accounted for as a derivative
liability because all three criteria for bifurcation
are met.
From the perspective of the
investors in XYZ’s notes, whether the embedded
redemption feature requires bifurcation will depend
on whether the investor has classified the debt
security as a trading security or under the fair
value option. If the investor records the full
investment at fair value, with changes recorded
through earnings, bifurcation of the embedded
feature would not be required.
Example 6-8
Convertible Debt With a Share-Settled Redemption
Feature
An entity has issued a debt instrument with a
principal amount of $10 million that is
automatically converted into the issuer’s equity
shares upon an IPO. The conversion price is the
lower of 80 percent of the stock price in the IPO or
$50. Although the conversion price in this scenario
is reduced to the IPO price if the IPO price is
below $50, the potential adjustment is not a
down-round feature because the associated settlement
has a monetary value equal to a fixed monetary
amount ($10,000,000 ÷ 80% = $12,500,000). The entity
should evaluate this share-settled redemption
feature in a manner similar to how it evaluates a
put or call option embedded in a debt host contract
to determine whether the feature must be separated
as a derivative under ASC 815-15.