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Chapter 1 — Overview

1.3 Overview of Three Hedge Accounting Models

1.3 Overview of Three Hedge Accounting Models

ASC 815-20
35-1 Paragraph 815-10-35-2 states that the accounting for subsequent changes in the fair value (that is, gains or losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and, if so, on the reason for holding it. Specifically, subsequent gains and losses on derivative instruments shall be accounted for as follows:
  1. No hedging designation. Paragraph 815-10-35-2 requires that the gain or loss on a derivative instrument not designated as a hedging instrument be recognized currently in earnings.
  2. Fair value hedge. The gain or loss on a derivative instrument designated and qualifying as a fair value hedging instrument as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk shall be recognized currently in earnings in the same accounting period, as provided in paragraphs 815-25-35-1 through 35-6. If an entity excludes a portion of the hedging instrument from the assessment of hedge effectiveness in accordance with paragraph 815-20-25-82, the initial value of the excluded component shall be recognized in earnings using a systematic and rational method over the life of the hedging instrument with any difference between the change in fair value of the excluded component and amounts recognized in earnings under that systematic and rational method recognized in other comprehensive income in accordance with paragraph 815-20-25-83A. An entity also may elect to recognize the excluded component of the gain or loss currently in earnings in accordance with paragraph 815-20-25-83B. The gain or loss on the hedging derivative or nonderivative instrument in a hedge of a foreign-currency-denominated firm commitment and the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged firm commitment shall be recognized currently in earnings in the same accounting period. The gain or loss on the hedging derivative instrument in a hedge of an available-for-sale debt security and the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged available-for-sale debt security shall be recognized currently in earnings in the same accounting period.
  3. Cash flow hedge. The gain or loss on a derivative instrument designated and qualifying as a cash flow hedging instrument shall be reported as a component of other comprehensive income (outside earnings) and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings, as provided in paragraphs 815-30-35-3 and 815-30-35-38 through 35-41. If an entity excludes a portion of the hedging instrument from the assessment of hedge effectiveness in accordance with paragraph 815-20-25-82, the initial value of the excluded component shall be recognized in earnings using a systematic and rational method over the life of the hedging instrument with any difference between the change in fair value of the excluded component and amounts recognized in earnings under that systematic and rational method recognized in other comprehensive income in accordance with paragraph 815-20-25-83A. An entity also may elect to recognize the excluded component of the gain or loss currently in earnings in accordance with paragraph 815-20-25-83B. The gain or loss on the hedging derivative instrument in a hedge of a forecasted foreign-currency-denominated transaction shall be reported as a component of other comprehensive income (outside earnings) and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings, as provided in paragraph 815-20-25-65.
  4. Net investment hedge. The gain or loss on the hedging derivative or nonderivative hedging instrument in a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation shall be reported in other comprehensive income (outside earnings) as part of the cumulative translation adjustment, as provided in paragraph 815-20-25-66. If an entity excludes a portion of the hedging instrument from the assessment of hedge effectiveness in accordance with paragraphs 815-35-35-5 through 35-5B, the initial value of the excluded component shall be recognized in earnings using a systematic and rational method over the life of the hedging instrument. Any difference between the change in fair value of the excluded component and the amounts recognized in earnings under that systematic and rational method shall be recognized in the same manner as a translation adjustment (that is, reported in the cumulative translation adjustment section of other comprehensive income) in accordance with paragraph 815-35-35-5A. An entity also may elect to recognize the excluded component of the gain or loss currently in earnings in accordance with paragraph 815-35-35-5B.